老板把股权转给合伙人、子女或投资人,税务局通常认定为”财产转让所得”,按20%征税。这税怎么算、哪些情况能省,很多人没想明白就签字了,结果多交一大笔。
先记公式:应纳个税 =(转让收入-股权原值-合理费用)× 20%。真正能省的空间,几乎都在”收入”和”原值”这两个数上。
01
低价转让,会被核定
以为”0元转让”或”1元转让”就能避税?税务局按67号公告(股权转让所得管理办法)来:无正当理由低价转让,主管税务机关会用净资产核定法、类比法重新核定转让收入。
例:公司净资产1000万,你持30%对应300万,哪怕你写了1元转让,税务局也可能按300万核定,应纳个税=(300万-原值-费用)×20%。平价、低价不是免死金牌。
如果你也面临股权转让、想先算清要交多少税,欢迎扫码添加企财盈在线客服(微信/电话:13312938845),我们帮你做一版税务测算。
02
这几种情况,能省或不征
第一,直系亲属间转让(配偶、父母、子女、祖父母外祖父母、兄弟姐妹等),符合税收优惠条件的不征个税,这是合法的空间。
第二,先分红再转让。转让前先把留存收益分红(缴20%个税),降低净资产,再转让时计税基数变小。第三,增资扩股不征个税,通过引入新股东稀释,而不是老股东转让,路径更优。
第四,留存好股权原值的凭证——出资证明、验资报告、历次增资付款记录、合理费用票据,都能从转让收入里扣,直接降税基。
03
代持还原,也要当转让
之前文章讲过股权代持的坑。这里补一句:代持还原(名义股东转回实际出资人),税务局一般也按”股权转让”对待,同样要按20%测算。所以选架构时就要把退出和税负一起算进去。
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04
签之前,先算账
股权转让最忌”先签字、后算税”。建议在签协议前就做完税务测算,选对转让主体、转让价格和路径,必要时用分红、增资等非转让方式替代,合法地把税负降下来。
一笔股权交易动辄几十上百万税差,花点时间规划,远比事后补税加滞纳金划算。
如果你也面临股权转让个税筹划,欢迎扫码添加企财盈在线客服(微信/电话:13312938845),我们把方案做成可落地的步骤。
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